Calculus in bladder

A condition caused by dehydration, decreased urine volume or fluid flow rates, or increased excretion of minerals such as calcium, oxalate, magnesium, cystine, and phosphate. This condition is characterised by urinary calculi located in the bladder. This condition may also present with haematuria, dysuria, or pain in the flank, lower abdomen, or groin. Confirmation is by abdominal radiography, to determine the presence and location of calculi.